Beyond Policy Rhetoric: Tata Kelola Pariwisata Berkelanjutan Berbasis Masyarakat di Desa Wae Lolos
Keywords:
pariwisata berkelanjutan, tata kelola pariwisata, desa wisata, berbasis masyarakat, Manggarai BaratAbstract
Pengembangan pariwisata di Kabupaten Manggarai Barat meningkat pesat seiring penetapan Labuan Bajo sebagai destinasi super prioritas nasional. Namun, percepatan tersebut menimbulkan tantangan terkait keberlanjutan lingkungan, pelestarian budaya, dan pemerataan manfaat bagi masyarakat lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi kebijakan pariwisata berkelanjutan di Desa Wae Lolos serta merumuskan model tata kelola pariwisata berbasis masyarakat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan studi dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pariwisata berkelanjutan secara normatif telah sejalan dengan kebijakan daerah, namun implementasinya belum optimal akibat lemahnya koordinasi, keterbatasan pendampingan, dan belum adanya pedoman operasional di tingkat desa. Dampak pariwisata terhadap masyarakat belum merata, baik secara ekonomi, sosial, budaya, maupun lingkungan. Penelitian ini merumuskan model tata kelola pariwisata berkelanjutan berbasis masyarakat yang menekankan penguatan kelembagaan lokal, partisipasi inklusif, distribusi manfaat berkeadilan, serta perlindungan budaya dan lingkungan sebagai alternatif kebijakan pengembangan desa wisata berkelanjutan.
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